Editorial
Volume 3 Issue 4
Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) Infection: An Overview in Dentistry
M Zakirulla
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Coronavirus (CoV) infections are emerging respiratory viruses
and are known to cause illness ranging from the common cold
to severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) [1]. The name
“coronavirus” is derived from the Latin word Corona and the Greek
word korṓnē, which means crown. Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19)
have been identified by Chinese authorities, and this was declared
by the World Health Organization on January 9, 2020. The virus is
related to a pneumonia outbreak in Wuhan City, Hubei Province,
China. The current outbreak of novel coronavirus (COVID-19)
in Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China, has emerged as a global
outbreak and significant public health issue [2]. On January 30,
2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared COVID-19
a public health emergency of international concern (PHEIC).
Origin of the infection (COVID-19) is currently unknown, but 66%
of the initially infected patients (27/41) were directly exposed
to the Huanan seafood market [3]. As of March 28, 2020, novel
coronavirus (COVID-19) has spread to more than 170 countries
with confirmed novel coronavirus cases have crossed 530,000,
while more than 24,000 deaths have been reported across the
world as Europe becomes the new epicenter of coronavirus. More
than 80% of the global COVID-19 cases are currently outside China
[4]. According to current data, the fatality rate (cumulative deaths
divided by cumulative cases) of COVID-19 is 0.39% to 4.05%.
Research Article
Volume 3 Issue 4
Implants in Patients Under Denosumab Prescription: Protocol for Dentists
Maria Luisa Martinez-Garcia and Filippo Marianelli
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Introduction:
Denosumab is a human monoclonal antibody. The goal of the drug is to stop bone loss. Before a dental surgery, it is important to know the benefit-risk ratio of the anti-resorptive drugs. When it comes to implant treatment, Denosumab has side effects, such as osteonecrosis of the jaws.
Objectives:
Protocol for the dentist before, during and after the placement of implants and oral surgery. In patients medicated with. Epidemiology of ONJ. As a final objective, the treatment of implants was compared in patients treated with two similar drugs: Bisphosphonates and Denosumab.
>Materials and Methods:
The search was carried out through: Medline, Google academic, Cochrane, Scielo and Pubmed.
Results and Discussion:
In this section the proposed objectives have been developed. It is essential to have a careful clinical history, in addition to a cooperation with the patient's specialist doctors, before the surgical treatment of implants. The professional must establish an early diagnosis of ONJ, with a correct treatment plan. Radiographic follow-up in oral surgery is crucial to be able to review the signs of osseointegration of the implants and the possible signs of osteonecrosis of the bone. The most common cases of osteonecrosis are given by oral surgery with several comorbidities that participate in the process of bone deterioration. The main advantage of Denosumab is its reversible effect: it does not persist for long periods of time in the bone.
Conclusion:
Many studies concluded that the diagnosis of osteonecrosis can be given after intake of drugs such as Denosumab or bisphosphonates. Osteonecrosis is a complication of multifactorial origin and it is necessary to know both the pathology and the clinical protocols of action to perform the best possible a dental implant treatment.
Keywords:
Denosumab; Osteonecrosis; Protocols and Odontology; Dental Implants and Oral Surgery
Case Report
Volume 3 Issue 4
Smile Harmony after Dental Implant Rehabilitation Optimized by Application of Botulinum Toxin
Rosimari Mariano de Campos, Jorge Pe単a Dias Junior, Fernanda Colella de Barros, Marcelo do Lago Pimentel Maia, Caleb Shitsuka and Irineu Gregnanin Pedron
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Widely used in Medicine, botulinum toxin type A presents your cosmetic or therapeutic use, has been increasing its indications. In Dentistry, it is indicated in temporomandibular disorders, orofacial dystonia, bruxism, dental clenching, masseteric hypertrophy, sialorrhea, facial asymmetry of muscular origin, gummy smile and lip asymmetries that can cause severe gum exposure. Recently, it has been shown the prophylactic application of botulinum toxin in patients after rehabilitation on dental implants, reducing masticatory forces and protecting the prostheses and implants. The purpose of this article is to present the case of a patient with excessive gingival exposure and aesthetic disharmony after dental implant rehabilitation in the anterior region, whose tooth loss occurred due to a previous traffic accident. After the conclusion of the rehabilitation treatment, the patient has received the botulinum toxin application to reduce gingival display and to minimize the exposure of cervical area of the prostheses implants.
Keywords:
Botulinum Toxins; Dental Aesthetics; Dental Implants; Smiling
Case Report
Volume 3 Issue 4
Gingival Erosions Caused by Utilization of the 10% Carbamide Peroxide in Home Dental Bleaching
Gabriela Prado Thereza, Jorge Henrique Pires Torres, Marcelo do Lago Pimentel Maia, Caleb Shitsuka and Irineu Gregnanin Pedron
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The vital tooth bleaching technique has been widely used in the dental clinic. Care is usually taken, as in the choice of bleaching gel concentration and in the confection of the trays, avoiding, respectively, the dentin hypersensitivity and trauma by tray excess over the marginal gingival region. However, the action of the bleaching gel over the periodontal tissues has not been much explored. We present in this article a clinical case of gingival erosions due to home dental bleaching, using the 10% carbamide peroxide gel, which healed with the cessation of treatment. We also highlight about to the precautions that should be taken in the making of molds and the use of whiteners.
Keywords:
Tooth Bleaching; Gingiva; Oral Diagnosis; Wounds and Injuries
Research Article
Volume 3 Issue 4
In Vitro and In Vivo Comparison of Self Adjusting Files (SAF) System and Manual Instrumentation for Root Canal Preparation and Obturation in Deciduous Teeth
Amir Ovadia and Uri Zilberman
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Objectives:
This study was designed to evaluate in vitro the use of SAF system in root canals of deciduous teeth in comparison with K-files, and to compare in vivo the clinical results.
Materials and Methods:
In vitro-Root canals of eight deciduous incisors were prepared using K-files and SAF system and obstructed with iodoform paste. The roots were sliced horizontally and observed under light microscope. In vivo-Root canals of two deciduous mandibular second molars were treated in a young girl using K-files or SAF system.
Results:
In vitro-The K-files reshaped the original contour or the canals to oval and caused dentinal cracks. The SAF system retained original contour of the canals and no dentinal cracks were observed. The iodoform based paste penetrated the dentin tubuli, deeper when the SAF system was used. In vivo-The clinical case showed that the result of pulpectomy in deciduous molar using of the SAF system was similar to the result obtained with K-files.
Conclusion:
Clinically the use of SAF in deciduous teeth can prevent cracks in the dentin and retain the original thickness of the dentin walls.
Keywords:
Deciduous Molars; Dentinal Cracks; Iodoform Paste; K-files; SAF System
Opinion
Volume 3 Issue 4
Can We Predict Success or Failure in Implant Rehabilitation?
Patricia Uribe Vargas
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Dental implants today are a very reliable treatment option to
replace missing teeth. But analyzing the surgical and prosthetic
part of implantology, there are shortcomings to increase the
success rate.
A large majority of dentists believe that functional load of
implants can be applied after obtaining primary stability and
having allowed the time recommended by the commercial
company, without taking into account data or quantitative values
of the coefficient of primary stability. Primary implant stability
is an imperative requirement for immediate, early, or delayed
loading successful and results for long, medium, and short-term
treatments for osseointegrated implants.
Research Article
Volume 3 Issue 4
The Effect of Vacation on Clinical Skills of Dental Students at Taibah University
Ebtihaj Talal Nafea, Ghaidaa Taher Sulaiman, Ghaidaa Abdulsalam Alofi, Zainab Mansur Al-nakhkli and Mona
Mohmmad AlShanqiti
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Dental implants today are a very reliable treatment option to
replace missing teeth. But analyzing the surgical and prosthetic
part of implantology, there are shortcomings to increase the
success rate.
A large majority of dentists believe that functional load of
implants can be applied after obtaining primary stability and
having allowed the time recommended by the commercial
company, without taking into account data or quantitative values
of the coefficient of primary stability. Primary implant stability
is an imperative requirement for immediate, early, or delayed
loading successful and results for long, medium, and short-term
treatments for osseointegrated implants.
